For agents
Set up WorkerKit for Claude Duet.
Written for the agent doing the setup and the person approving it. Everything is added on claude.ai, because Claude Duet uses the connectors and skills set up in Claude. The person signs in once to approve the fleet connection and copies no key. Then Duet confirms it can see WorkerKit.
Before you start
What you need.
A Claude Pro or Max plan on a US Claude account, admitted to the Claude Duet research preview from its waitlist. Steps 1 to 4 work without Duet, in claude.ai, Claude Desktop and Cowork.
A WorkerKit account, and admin access on it: choosing the key a connection will hold is an admin-only decision. The Free plan is enough, and no card is needed.
claude.ai in a browser, where the two connectors and the skill are added for Duet to pick up.
About a minute of the person's time. The agent does everything except approving the connection.
| What | Address | Why |
|---|---|---|
| Directory MCP | https://mcp.workerkit.ai/directory | The public kit catalog and the authoring guides. No sign-in, so it can be added first and used straight away. |
| Workers MCP | https://mcp.workerkit.ai/workers | Fleet operations, behind a WorkerKit sign-in an account admin approves. This is the mount that runs and configures workers. |
| Claude connectors | https://claude.ai/customize/connectors | Where both connectors are added. Duet uses the connectors set up here rather than a list of its own. |
| Fleet access | https://workerkit.ai/fleet-access | Where an account admin creates the manager key. Admin only. |
| Skill file | https://workerkit.ai/claude-duet/SKILL.md | The tool reference and the operating rules the agent keeps after setup. |
| Kit-authoring skill | https://workerkit.ai/build/SKILL.md | The procedure for building, validating and publishing a kit of your own. Load it when the person wants a custom worker. |
| This guide as markdown | https://workerkit.ai/claude-duet/setup.md | The same steps, for an agent that reads markdown rather than a page. |
Why this route: Anthropic's help center gives Claude Duet no connector settings of its own. It says the memory, skills and connectors set up in Claude are there from the first message. So WorkerKit goes where Claude keeps them, as two custom connectors on claude.ai over the hosted WorkerKit MCP mounts, and the fleet connector signs in through WorkerKit's own OAuth server.
Step 5 confirms the connectors from inside Duet, and step 8 adds a second route into Duet, through the inbox it already reads.
The case for connecting at all is on the Claude Duet page.
Step 0. Human, under a minute
Add the public catalog.
Add the catalog mount on claude.ai with no sign-in. It proves the wiring before any account is involved.
- claude.ai: Customize > Connectors
+ > Add custom connector Name: WorkerKit Directory URL: https://mcp.workerkit.ai/directory Authentication: No sign-in
The catalog mount takes no credential at all, on either path. It is the fastest proof that the client can reach WorkerKit, and it is worth adding first for exactly that reason: if it connects and the fleet mount does not, the problem is the credential rather than the wiring.
Step 1. Human, about 60 seconds
Connect your fleet.
Add the fleet mount by URL and approve on the WorkerKit consent page. The reach is exactly the scopes on the key an admin picks there.
The fleet mount is an OAuth 2.1 authorization server as well as an MCP server, so it is added like the catalog: paste the URL and approve. No key is copied, and none is typed into Duet.
- 01
Give the client the URL and nothing else
The fleet mount publishes OAuth discovery, so a client that supports it finds the authorization server on its own and registers itself. There is no client ID to create, no secret to store and no redirect address to register in advance.
- 02
Approve on the WorkerKit consent page
The client sends the person to https://workerkit.ai/mcpauth. Signing in there is what proves who is connecting; nothing is typed into the assistant.
- 03
An account admin picks the key the client will hold
The consent page lists the account's manager keys and can create one on the spot, so a first connect needs no visit to Fleet access beforehand. It is admin-only on the server, not just in the page: a member sees an honest notice rather than a broken screen.
- 04
Scopes are chosen with the key, and are the whole of the reach
Whatever that key carries is exactly what the assistant can do, and nothing on it reaches a connected app. Narrow it now or widen it later; a new key drops into the same connection.
| Key | Scopes | What the assistant can then do |
|---|---|---|
| Observer | readWorkers, readRuns | Describe the fleet and everything it has done, and change nothing. Most of the first session's value is here. |
| Operator | add runWorkers, invokeActions, manageState, manageDeliveries | Run workers now, call Action worker tools, start and stop them, and route their reports. |
| Full automation | add manageSchedules, manageMemory, manageInstructions, manageBudgets, createWorkers | Schedule, teach, rewrite, cap and clone workers, and create Action or decision workers from scratch. manageInstructions rewrites a worker's tested method, so it is the one to add last. |
| Builder | add installKits, publishKits, manageConnections, manageDeployments, deleteWorkers | Install directory kits as new workers, author and publish kits, connect apps by credential and register your own MCP servers. installKits is the one a brand-new account wants first, because it is what puts a worker in an empty fleet. manageDeployments is what puts an installed worker on the hosted runtime: without it the worker exists but never runs, and a run answers not_deployed. |
- claude.ai: Customize > Connectors
+ > Add custom connector Name: WorkerKit Workers URL: https://mcp.workerkit.ai/workers Then approve at https://workerkit.ai/mcpauth
Nothing is pasted into the chat on this path, which is its real advantage: the credential never passes through a message, a log or a screenshot, and revoking it later is one action in the dashboard rather than an edit inside the assistant.
A key carries the scopes it was granted when it was created. Granting a scope later never reaches an existing key: if a call answers 403 OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED, an admin re-scopes the key at Fleet access or creates a new one, and the new key drops into the same place. Read key_info rather than assuming.
Step 2. Agent
Verify the scopes.
Call key_info on the fleet mount, from a Claude chat or from Duet. The scope list it returns is the truth, whatever was intended.
- Ask the key what it can do (no arguments)
key_info
It returns the account title, the key name, the key's scopes and expiry, and serverTimeUtc. If a scope is missing it was either not granted or granted after the key was created, and an admin re-scopes it or creates a new key at Fleet access.
Step 3. Human and agent
Keep the WorkerKit skill.
Upload the skill in Claude, where Duet picks up skills from, or re-read the URL at the start of any thread that touches the fleet.
- claude.ai: Customize > Skills, upload a ZIP of
workerkit-fleet/SKILL.md Source: https://workerkit.ai/claude-duet/SKILL.md
The file is a standard skill: a name and a description in its front matter, then the tool reference, the cost-field semantics and the safety rules. Uploading skills needs code execution and file creation turned on in Claude. Without the upload nothing is lost: the agent fetches the same URL before its first fleet call, and it is always the current version.
Step 4. Human, a minute
Check that Duet can see WorkerKit.
Ask Duet which connectors it can use, and confirm WorkerKit is among them before the smoke test.
- Paste into Duet's main thread
Which connectors can you use right now? Is WorkerKit Workers among them? If it is, call key_info and tell me which account and scopes you have. Do not run or change anything.
If Duet lists WorkerKit and answers key_info, the fleet is connected and steps 6 and 7 can run from Duet. If it does not, run them from a Claude chat instead, where the same connectors answer, and use step 8 to bring results into Duet.
Step 5. Agent
Run the smoke test.
List the fleet and read recent runs, which alone prove the setup. If the account has workers, read one, run it with approval, and report the receipt.
If the fleet is empty, stop after step 3 and say so: a new account has no workers yet, and the steps above have already proved the setup, because the key authenticated and both read scopes answered. Do not read it as a fault, and do not invent a worker to run. Go to the first-worker step and give the fleet something to do.
If the fleet has workers, pick one whose effects are reads. Judge it from the instruction and the permissions, never from the name: a worker whose apps are all read-level and whose instruction only gathers, summarises or reports is safe to run; one that sends, posts, writes, orders or pays is not, whatever it is called. If none is clearly read-only, run one with an explicit prompt for that run bounding it to a read.
- 1. The directory is alive: confirm a kit count comes back
directory_overview - 2. The fleet list: report how many workers the assistant can see
workers_list - 3. Recent runs across the fleet: confirms readRuns
runs_feed { "limit": 5 } - 4. Before running anything, read what that worker does and what it may touch. Both ride on readWorkers, and this is the step that decides whether the run is safe
instruction_get worker_permissions_get - 5. Run it with the person's approval, then poll every 3 to 5 seconds until a terminal event arrives: run.succeeded, run.failed, run.blocked or run.awaiting_input
worker_run run_events { "afterSeq": <lastSeq> } - 6. Read the receipt: costAuthority first, then modelCostUsd
run_get
Read costAuthority first, then modelCostUsd beside it, and report both. A null finalDigest is not a failure: a run produces one only when its harness wrote a report. A costAuthority of unbilled_estimate, none or in_flight is not a failure either; it says how far to trust the number, and the operating rules below say what each value means.
A Skipped run is also a pass, and it is the cost brake working: the gate refused the run before any money moved. Report the skipReason rather than retrying. Then report the fleet size, the active scopes, and what the test cost, and the fleet is live.
Step 6. Human and agent
Give the fleet its first worker.
A new account starts empty. Install a kit from its page in one click, or let the agent preview and install one once the person approves.
A new WorkerKit account starts with no workers, so the last step of setup is getting one. A kit is a ready-made worker: its instruction, its exact app permissions and its schedule, written and reviewed in advance, so installing one is how a fleet usually starts rather than a shortcut. There are two paths, and either ends with something to operate.
- 01
The one-click path: install a kit from its page
Browse the catalog at workerkit.ai/kits, open a kit whose job you recognise, and install it. It arrives pre-instructed, pre-permissioned and pre-scheduled, and asks for whatever it needs to connect. This path needs no scope on the manager key at all, so it works on the first session whatever the key can do.
- 02
The agent path: shortlist, preview, approve, install
With installKits on the key, the assistant can do the whole thing in chat: shortlist with kits_search, read the candidate with kit_get, then call kit_install_preview to surface its setup questions and exactly what the new worker would be allowed to touch. Put that in front of the person in plain words, and call kit_install once they approve, with deploy set to true so the new worker is actually able to run (that half needs manageDeployments on the key; without it the worker is installed but inert until worker_deploy). The new worker's key is shown once in the response.
- 03
Then run it once and read the receipt
A worker earns its place on the first run. Trigger it with worker_run, follow run_events until a terminal event arrives, and report the digest and the settled cost from run_get. Set a schedule with schedule_create when the person is happy with what it did, and the fleet is not just connected, it is working.
Step 7. Human, a few minutes
Send reports to the inbox Duet reads.
Point a worker's email notification at the mailbox Duet briefs you from, so its result also reaches Duet in the morning brief.
- 01
Connect a sending mailbox in WorkerKit
Under Connected apps in WorkerKit, connect a Google or Microsoft mailbox for sending notifications. It can be a different account from the one Duet reads.
- 02
Add an Email notification on the worker
Open the worker, then Notifications, add Email, and enter the address of the Gmail account connected to Claude. Choose whether it reports on every run or only when something needs you.
- 03
Run it and find the report
Run the worker once, confirm the delivery status in WorkerKit, then ask Duet for the latest WorkerKit report by sender. Duet checks at intervals, so the morning brief may be where it first appears.
Open Connected apps for the sending mailbox, and your workers to set the schedule once the first report reads well.
Classification on demand
Create a decision worker from your questions.
Categorize, score or triage connected data, then reuse and adjust the worker.
Reuse an existing worker or decision kit when its questions fit. For a custom classification task, creation compiles a supported source recipe and typed questions into a private kit and an installed decision worker. Optional deploy:true adds deployment; creation never starts a run or adds a schedule. The kit can be edited and published later through the normal kit lifecycle.
On the workers connection, call kit_app_tools(purpose:"decision") for recipes, argument schemas, permissions and examples, then kit_authoring_guide(section:"decision"). Check account connections with apps_list; public discovery does not check them. Send the request to decision_worker_create, follow nextCall, then use worker_run and run_get. Running needs runWorkers; results need readRuns. Use instruction_get / instruction_set for saved category or level answers, or answers on one run. Structural question/source changes need a revised kit and a replacement install. Check receipt status, coverage, omissions, warnings and cost before claiming completion.
Start with email-previews, calendar-events or sheets-rows. These recipes return judgments without app writes. Email previews do not include full threads; calendar events are invitation data, not transcripts; Sheets needs a Google file ID, a finite tab-qualified range and a columns map. A connected app alone does not make every tool a supported source. Source filters select evidence, not permissions: the Sheets recipe grants spreadsheet reads across the linked Drive account.
Supply 1–8 questions: choice with named options, score with ordered levels, or noul for the probability of a statement. Choice adds unclear automatically. Set an explicit confidenceFloor between 0 and 1; it routes uncertainty and does not promise accuracy. maxItems is 1–50, default 20. Creation requires createWorkers; optional deployment also needs manageDeployments.
Use a fresh requestId for each new worker. Retry with the same ID and identical body to recover the original receipt; a changed body returns 409. The response includes tokenId for MCP/CLI worker commands, stable workerId, kitSlug, readiness and nextCall. A deploymentError means the worker already exists: fix deployment on that worker. The receipt is a snapshot; check current worker readiness before running. No worker API secret is returned.
The workers connection includes discovery and authoring, so classification needs one MCP connection. Its full profile includes fleet management, app resource discovery, kit authoring and public directory reads. For a smaller list, a client that supports custom headers can send X-WorkerKit-Profile: decision on every request, including initialization, listing and calls, to select 24 workflow tools. A server operator can instead set MCP_WORKERS_PROFILE=decision. The endpoint and existing sign-in stay the same; a profile grants no additional permissions. Reconnect and relist after changing profiles. Use the advertised tool list: fleet administration, publishing, Action worker and event-stream tools require the full profile. Successful responses include structured content and a text fallback; creation declares an output schema.
App tools, no model
Call app tools through an Action worker.
One exact app operation per call, with the inputs you supply.
An Action worker (modelType: "none") exposes 1 to 64 selected app tools and has no model, instruction, schedule or deployment. Each call invokes one tool with the arguments the caller sends, under the worker's own app access, and readiness.canInvoke on worker_get says whether its tools can be called now. Run and deploy requests answer 400 action_worker_requires_invoke.
On the workers connection's full profile: action_worker_options lists apps, tool schemas and defaults (readWorkers); action_worker_create copies an app's default tools, or takes an actionSpec of 1 to 64, plus a slackConnectionId for Slack tools when the account has more than one Slack bot (createWorkers); worker_tools lists the saved tools (readWorkers); worker_tool_call calls one with arguments, plus an idempotencyKey on a write (invokeActions); worker_tool_invocation reads a write's receipt (invokeActions). Pass the returned tokenId. kits_search(modelType:"none") finds Action kits; install one with kit_install and no deploy.
A write tool (readOnly: false) needs an idempotency key. Repeating the key with the same arguments returns the stored receipt (a confirmation, not the app's response) without calling the app again; with other arguments it is a 409. A call answers with status succeeded, denied, failed, in_progress or outcome_unknown; branch on it, not on the HTTP code. On outcome_unknown the write may have happened: never resend it automatically, under any key; read the receipt and check the app. Each call counts toward the worker's daily request limit; a refusal marked retryable, such as usage_limit, is retried later under a new key. Only the owner changes the selected tools, in the dashboard.
Least privilege
What each scope grants.
The key's scopes are exactly its reach, and a refusal names the scope it wanted. Start with the reads and add scopes as the work asks for them.
| Scope | What it grants |
|---|---|
readWorkers | The fleet list, worker detail, fleet health, account usage, an Action worker's tools, and reads of memory, schedules and the instruction. |
readRuns | Run history, run detail, run events, a run's stored transcript, and activity feeds and counts of runs, app calls and configuration changes. A receipt returned by a waiting run request is run content too: without this scope the run still starts and the receipt comes back with contentWithheld. |
runWorkers | Run now, one worker or up to 20 in one call, and cancel. |
invokeActions | Call an Action worker's selected tools and read the receipts of its writes. Cannot change the tools, connection or permissions. Existing keys need explicit re-scoping. |
manageMemory | Add, edit, retire and delete rules and facts; clear a run's report; grade a run. |
manageSchedules | Create, edit and delete schedules, and set a worker's own time zone. |
manageInstructions | Create or replace a language worker's instruction, and answer a decision worker's install questions. |
manageState | Start and stop a worker. |
installKits | Preview and install a directory kit as a new worker. |
manageAppsAndWorkers | Change what an existing worker may reach: replace its app set (account Admin) and fill, re-point or clear its grants to call other workers. Rules, identities and MCP tool bindings stay in the dashboard. |
manageDeliveries | Create, edit and delete run-result delivery destinations: where the platform sends a run report when the worker finishes. Reading them rides on readWorkers. Availability is judged per account, so ask the channels operation rather than inferring it from the worker apps. |
manageBudgets | Read and change a worker's spend and run ceilings and the fleet ceiling; read spend by worker, day and model, plus wallet charges with whole-account reach. Its own scope because raising a dollar cap is the one management action that can cost money without starting anything. |
createWorkers | Create an Action worker or a decision worker from scratch in one call, and clone a worker into new ones, singly or in bulk, with a dry-run preview. A clone carries only permissions a person already approved on the source, while a worker created from scratch gets the app access its request asks for, so this is a separate power from installing a reviewed kit. |
publishKits | Author kits: validate (a dry run that reports every gate at once), publish from content or from an owned worker, edit, replace, unlist, relist, make private, delete, and edit the publisher profile. A private kit installed with installKits is how a worker is built from scratch through the reviewed manifest pipeline. The anonymous Directory API serves the authoring guide, the live permission vocabulary and the per-app tool explorer; reads of your own kits ride on readWorkers. |
manageConnections | Connect and disconnect apps for your operators by credential: every family the Apps page accepts by paste (bot tokens, API keys, private-app tokens), validated live against the provider, stored encrypted, never returned; register your account's own MCP servers as custom MCP apps (with their credentials) and enable their tools; and set or remove your account's own model-provider keys. Reading which apps are connected, with a recipe for connecting each, rides on readWorkers. Google, Microsoft, GitHub and Reddit are browser sign-ins and stay on the Apps page. |
manageDeployments | Deploy a worker onto the hosted runtime and manage that deployment: its model and reasoning, its transcript setting, its spend ceilings, pause and resume, and undeploy. This is the step that makes an installed worker run at all: without a deployment it fires no schedule and a run request is refused with not_deployed. An Action worker is never deployed. Reading the deployment and the model catalog rides on readWorkers. |
deleteWorkers | Delete a worker permanently: its key stops working, its schedules stop firing, and its instruction, memory, deployment and delivery destinations go with it — as do its sub-workers, because a dead orchestrator must never leave live workers behind. Not reversible by any call, which is why it is its own scope rather than part of start/stop: stopping a worker is reversible and this is not. Run receipts survive, and the freed worker slot is what clears a 402 limit_exceeded on install. |
readWallet | Read spendable wallet balance, fees and account checkout status. |
requestWalletTopUp | Create a human-confirmed Stripe Checkout link and inspect purchases requested by this key. Does not authorize charging a saved card. |
discoverAppResources | Discover private setup metadata across your workspaces: connected GitHub accounts, repositories and branches, and Slack workspaces and conversation IDs. Does not read contents or grant worker access. Existing keys need explicit re-scoping. |
Operating rules
What the agent follows on every call.
The same rules the skill file carries, so a session that read neither still has them. Every row is a fact of the platform, not advice.
| Rule | What it means |
|---|---|
| A pending approval is not a yes | Duet brings an approval back later when the person cannot answer at once. A run that sends, writes or spends waits for an explicit yes in the thread, however long that takes. |
| Name the run a figure came from | When relaying a worker's result, say it came from a WorkerKit run and give the run ID, so the person can tell a worker's number from one Duet read itself. |
| Read the key before planning | Call key_info first in any session that touches the fleet, and plan against the scopes it returns. It also carries serverTimeUtc, which every age and deadline below is measured against. |
| Confirm before changing the fleet | Running, stopping, deleting or editing a worker changes the person's fleet: state the exact worker and action in plain words and get approval first, unless the person already approved that exact action. Publishing, unlisting or deleting a kit affects the directory and other installers, so confirm those too. An Action tool call that writes needs the same approval, naming the tool and its arguments. |
| Know what a run will do before you start it | A run can send mail, post, write or spend, and the person approving it is trusting your reading of the worker. Read instruction_get and worker_permissions_get first (both ride on readWorkers) and say what the run will touch. |
| The key is not a secret to repeat | It travels once, where the platform takes credentials, and after that it is sent for you. Never repeat it in a later message, print it, log it, or write it into memory, a skill or a shared file. A key that has been somewhere it should not be is revoked and replaced at Fleet access in under a minute. |
| An empty fleet has a next step | A new account has no workers until someone installs a kit, creates a decision worker or clones one. Say so plainly, then offer the two paths: the person installs a kit from its page in one click, or, with installKits, you shortlist with kits_search, preview with kit_install_preview and install with kit_install once they approve. Never invent a worker id to have something to run. |
| Rate limits, per account | The fleet surface allows 120 requests a minute and 1,200 an hour; run triggers 30 a minute; run-event polls 120 a minute and 2,400 an hour, exempt from the surface windows; the kits surface 60 a minute; kit installs 10 an hour; Action routes 120 a minute in a window of their own. On a 429, wait out Retry-After. Extra machines buy no extra budget. |
| Watching runs | Poll run_events every 3 to 5 seconds and pass afterSeq so each call returns only what is new. To watch the whole fleet, hold runs_feed with wait: one connection covers every worker, up to four held per account, and it always returns within the wait. fleet_pulse gives the in-flight rows beside it. |
| Brief from fleet_health | When the person asks how the fleet is doing, call fleet_health once instead of crawling workers_list, worker_get and runs_feed: it lists the workers that are blocked, the ones installed but never deployed, the schedules the runtime is not picking up, the runs waiting on an answer, and the last runs that did not end clean. Empty sections are the healthy answer; paused workers are counted, not listed, because stopping one is a decision. |
| Check account_usage before spending | Before an install, a deploy or a run, read account_usage: worker slots, hosted slots, spendable wallet balance and request windows. With requestWalletTopUp and permission for the amount, request a wallet_checkout_create link for the person to pay. Otherwise hand them topUpUrl. Only credited confirms committed funds. |
| 404 not_found | The worker is missing or belongs to another account, and the two are indistinguishable by design. Never claim which. |
| 403 OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED | The key lacks a scope, and the message names it. A wider key is the fix, not a retry. |
| Time | Compute every age, deadline and countdown against the response's serverTimeUtc (on key_info, workers_list, fleet_pulse and fleet_health), never against your own clock. |
| Skipped is the brake working | A Skipped run is a receipt, not a transport error: the gate refused it before any money moved. Read skipReason (DailyRunCap, DailySpendCap, FleetSpendCap, ConcurrencyLimit, InsufficientCredits, DeploymentPaused, TokenDisabled or a readiness reason) and retry only when the reason clears on its own. |
| Money | Read costAuthority before the number beside it: settled, unbilled_estimate, none or in_flight. modelCostUsd is the settled figure; costSoFarUsd exists only while a run is Running. |
| Cloning multiplies ceilings | A clone carries the source worker's per-run and per-day ceilings, so read fleet_budget_get before worker_clone_bulk and size the fleet ceiling for the copies you are about to make. |
Quick answers
Symptoms, causes, fixes.
| Symptom | Cause and fix |
|---|---|
Duet does not list WorkerKit | Check both show as connected under Customize, then Connectors on claude.ai, and start a new Duet channel. If WorkerKit is still missing, run the fleet from a Claude chat and use the inbox route in step 8. |
Duet is not in my account yet | The research preview admits US Pro and Max accounts from the waitlist in waves. Steps 1 to 4 already work in claude.ai, Claude Desktop and Cowork while you wait. |
A worker report has not reached Duet | Duet checks your accounts at set intervals, so a report can sit until the next check. Confirm the notification's delivery status in WorkerKit, then ask Duet to look for the message by sender. |
401 on the fleet surface | Read the code rather than guessing: auth_required means the Authorization header never arrived, which is a wiring problem and not a key problem, and auth_failed means the key is unknown or revoked. Re-send it spelled exactly Authorization: Bearer pe_mgr_... and it connects. |
403 OPERATION_NOT_ALLOWED | A scope is missing. Read key_info; an admin re-scopes the key at Fleet access or creates a new one, and the new key drops into the same place (the snapshot rule). |
404 not_found on a worker | Missing, or on another account. Verify the id, and that the key belongs to the account that owns the fleet. |
429 | Rate limited. Honour Retry-After; the per-account windows are in the operating rules above. |
Empty fleet on a new account | Expected, and not a fault: an account has no workers until someone installs a kit, creates a decision worker or clones one. The setup is proved already, because the key authenticated and the reads answered. Install a kit to fill it. |
Empty fleet, or the wrong workers, on an account that has some | The key was created in a different WorkerKit account. Create it in the account that owns the fleet. |
Each WorkerKit failure names itself in the response, so an agent never has to guess which one it met: read the code, apply the row, and carry on.